Resale businesses contribute to environmental sustainability by recycling clothing, furniture, and other household items. Many resale businesses operate online, while others maintain physical stores within local communities. Some accept donations only on-site, while others provide pickup services. Resale business owners and employees create attractive displays that change frequently according to available goods and the popularity of particular brands or items. Typically, resale business owners maintain mutually beneficial relationships with charitable community organizations as well as their regular customers.
Ready to turn your business idea into a reality? We recommend forming an LLC as it is the most affordable way to protect your personal assets. You can do this yourself or with our trusted partner for a small fee.
Northwest ($29 + State Fees)
DIY: How to Start an LLC
Start a resale business by following these 10 steps:
- Plan your Resale Business
- Form your Resale Business into a Legal Entity
- Register your Resale Business for Taxes
- Open a Business Bank Account & Credit Card
- Set up Accounting for your Resale Business
- Get the Necessary Permits & Licenses for your Resale Business
- Get Resale Business Insurance
- Define your Resale Business Brand
- Create your Resale Business Website
- Set up your Business Phone System
We have put together this simple guide to starting your resale business. These steps will ensure that your new business is well planned out, registered properly and legally compliant.
Exploring your options? Check out other small business ideas.
STEP 1: Plan your business
A clear plan is essential for success as an entrepreneur. It will help you map out the specifics of your business and discover some unknowns. A few important topics to consider are:
- What will you name your business?
- What are the startup and ongoing costs?
- Who is your target market?
- How much can you charge customers?
Luckily we have done a lot of this research for you.
What will you name your business?
Choosing the right name is important and challenging. If you don’t already have a name in mind, visit our How to Name a Business guide or get help brainstorming a name with our Resale Business Name Generator
If you operate a sole proprietorship, you might want to operate under a business name other than your own name. Visit our DBA guide to learn more.
When registering a business name, we recommend researching your business name by checking:
- Your state’s business records
- Federal and state trademark records
- Social media platforms
- Web domain availability
It’s very important to secure your domain name before someone else does.
What are the costs involved in opening a resale business?
While opening a resale business costs less than many others due to the fact that some merchandise is donated, it does require some startup capital. The amount depends on whether your business is conducted online, at a flea market, or in a store. For a physical store, business licenses, liability insurance, space rent and merchandise are among the initial startup costs. Those costs can range from as little as $5,000 to as much as $30,000, depending on the type of items being sold and the percentage of your inventory that comes from donations. Start-up and operating costs can be reduced by utilizing software developed specifically for resale businesses. That software allows you to automate tasks such as maintaining customer databases, tracking sales and inventory, and creating sales promotions.
What are the ongoing expenses for a resale business?
Depending on the type of resale business, ongoing expenses may include space rent, website maintenance, a business phone, employee salaries and a company vehicle for picking up donations. For online businesses, your main costs will include managing a warehouse and preparing and shipping orders.
Who is the target market?
Preferred clients are those who purchase items for their own use, rather than for resale purposes.
How does a resale business make money?
A resale business makes money by selling used merchandise at a profit. Competitive pricing that factors in the cost of merchandise and operating expenses is crucial to the success of any retail business.
How much can you charge customers?
The amount you can charge customers is based partly on your chosen target market and the amount of competition for that market in your area. Pricing is based in part on ensuring that there is a profit after operating costs are subtracted from sales figures. Other factors that affect pricing include the quality of the items, their current market value, and the strength of the local economy. Some resale businesses specialize in selling large quantities of low-cost items, while others focus on selling high-cost items. High-end designer fashions, appliances, and furniture command a higher resale price than lesser-known brands even though the quality may be comparable. The ambiance of your store and the language used to describe your merchandise can also affect pricing.
How much profit can a resale business make?
The amount of profits a resale business can make depends on its resources. Those resources include merchandise and equipment as well as human resources. Knowledge, expertise and the development of company and community relationships all contribute to increasing profits. Annual earnings for small resale businesses average from between $30,000 and $60,000.
How can you make your business more profitable?
You can make your business more profitable by conducting regular market research, which includes visiting competitors to compare prices and find new ways to set yourself apart. Increasing your donations by offering convenient pick-up and purchasing items in bulk from wholesalers whenever possible can also increase your profit margin.
Want a more guided approach? Access TRUiC’s free Small Business Startup Guide – a step-by-step course for turning your business idea into reality. Get started today!
STEP 2: Form a legal entity
One crucial aspect that cannot be overlooked when starting your resale business is the importance of establishing a solid business foundation. While sole proprietorships and partnerships are the most common entity types for small businesses, they’re a far less stable and advantageous option than LLCs.
This is because unincorporated business structures (i.e., sole proprietorships and partnerships) expose you as an owner to personal liability for your business’s debts and legal actions, while LLCs protect you by keeping your personal assets separate from your business’s liabilities.
In practice, this means that if your resale business were to face a lawsuit or incur any debts, your savings, home, and other personal assets could not be used to cover these costs. On top of this, forming your business as an LLC also helps it to appear more legitimate and trustworthy.
More than 84% of our readers opt to collaborate with a professional LLC formation service to kickstart their venture. We’ve negotiated a tailored discount for our readers, bringing the total down to just $29.
Note: If you’re interested in more information before getting started, we recommend having a look at our state-specific How to Start an LLC guide (DIY) or our in-depth Best LLC Services review (for those opting for a professional service).
STEP 3: Register for taxes
You will need to register for a variety of state and federal taxes before you can open for business.
In order to register for taxes you will need to apply for an EIN. It’s really easy and free!
You can acquire your EIN through the IRS website. If you would like to learn more about EINs, read our article, What is an EIN?
There are specific state taxes that might apply to your business. Learn more about state sales tax and franchise taxes in our state sales tax guides.
STEP 4: Open a business bank account & credit card
Using dedicated business banking and credit accounts is essential for personal asset protection.
When your personal and business accounts are mixed, your personal assets (your home, car, and other valuables) are at risk in the event your business is sued. In business law, this is referred to as piercing your corporate veil.
Open a business bank account
Besides being a requirement when applying for business loans, opening a business bank account:
- Separates your personal assets from your company’s assets, which is necessary for personal asset protection.
- Makes accounting and tax filing easier.
Recommended: Read our Best Banks for Small Business review to find the best national bank or credit union.
Get a business credit card
Getting a business credit card helps you:
- Separate personal and business expenses by putting your business’ expenses all in one place.
- Build your company’s credit history, which can be useful to raise money later on.
Recommended: Apply for an easy approval business credit card from BILL and build your business credit quickly.
STEP 5: Set up business accounting
Recording your various expenses and sources of income is critical to understanding the financial performance of your business. Keeping accurate and detailed accounts also greatly simplifies your annual tax filing.
Make LLC accounting easy with our LLC Expenses Cheat Sheet.
STEP 6: Obtain necessary permits and licenses
Failure to acquire necessary permits and licenses can result in hefty fines, or even cause your business to be shut down.
State & Local Business Licensing Requirements
Certain state permits and licenses may be needed to operate a resale business business. Learn more about licensing requirements in your state by visiting SBA’s reference to state licenses and permits.
Certificate of Occupancy
A resale business is generally run out of a retail store. Businesses operating out of a physical location typically require a Certificate of Occupancy (CO). A CO confirms that all building codes, zoning laws and government regulations have been met.
If you plan to lease retail space:
- It is generally the landlord’s responsibility to obtain a CO.
- Before leasing, confirm that your landlord has or can obtain a valid CO that is applicable to a resale business.
- After a major renovation, a new CO often needs to be issued. If your place of business will be renovated before opening, it is recommended to include language in your lease agreement stating that lease payments will not commence until a valid CO is issued.
If you plan to purchase retail space:
- You will be responsible for obtaining a valid CO from a local government authority.
- Review all building codes and zoning requirements for you business’ location to ensure your resale business will be in compliance and able to obtain a CO.
Certain resale products cannot be sold. These products are determined federally and include products that have been recalled, that don’t comply with the federal limit on lead, unsafe toddler and infant products, and anything in violation of CPSC’s safety standards, bans, rules or regulations.
STEP 7: Get business insurance
Just as with licenses and permits, your business needs insurance in order to operate safely and lawfully. Business Insurance protects your company’s financial wellbeing in the event of a covered loss.
There are several types of insurance policies created for different types of businesses with different risks. If you’re unsure of the types of risks that your business may face, begin with General Liability Insurance. This is the most common coverage that small businesses need, so it’s a great place to start for your business.
Another notable insurance policy that many businesses need is Workers’ Compensation Insurance. If your business will have employees, it’s a good chance that your state will require you to carry Workers’ Compensation Coverage.
Find out what types of insurance your Resale Business needs and how much it will cost you by reading our guide Business Insurance for Resale Business.
STEP 8: Define your brand
Your brand is what your company stands for, as well as how your business is perceived by the public. A strong brand will help your business stand out from competitors.
If you already have a logo, you can also add it to a QR code with our Free QR Code Generator. Choose from 13 QR code types to create a code for your business cards and publications, or to help spread awareness for your new website.
How to promote & market a resale business
Studies show that for resale businesses, experiential marketing that utilizes all the senses is more effective than traditional marketing techniques. Thrift store shoppers are seeking pleasurable visual, auditory, and tactile experiences as well as unique items at bargain prices. That’s why many successful resale business owners both attend and organize community events such as bake sales, local plays and art exhibitions. It’s also helpful to keep abreast of resale trends by reading articles that discuss recent studies and research within the industry.
How to keep customers coming back
Successful resale business owners know that one of the things that keeps their customers coming back is the constantly changing inventory. Prominently displaying the most popular brands and highest-quality items is a good way to attract attention to them. Offering specials such as buy one, get one free is also an effective marketing strategy. Discounts and markdowns using colored tags are also great incentives for budget conscious customers. Whatever strategies you use must include friendly, helpful customer service. Not even a free gift can replace a warm greeting or an offer to help a customer find exactly what they’re looking for.
STEP 9: Create your business website
After defining your brand and creating your logo the next step is to create a website for your business.
While creating a website is an essential step, some may fear that it’s out of their reach because they don’t have any website-building experience. While this may have been a reasonable fear back in 2015, web technology has seen huge advancements in the past few years that makes the lives of small business owners much simpler.
Here are the main reasons why you shouldn’t delay building your website:
- All legitimate businesses have websites – full stop. The size or industry of your business does not matter when it comes to getting your business online.
- Social media accounts like Facebook pages or LinkedIn business profiles are not a replacement for a business website that you own.
- Website builder tools like the GoDaddy Website Builder have made creating a basic website extremely simple. You don’t need to hire a web developer or designer to create a website that you can be proud of.
Recommended: Get started today using our recommended website builder or check out our review of the Best Website Builders.
Other popular website builders are: WordPress, WIX, Weebly, Squarespace, and Shopify.
STEP 10: Set up your business phone system
Getting a phone set up for your business is one of the best ways to help keep your personal life and business life separate and private. That’s not the only benefit; it also helps you make your business more automated, gives your business legitimacy, and makes it easier for potential customers to find and contact you.
There are many services available to entrepreneurs who want to set up a business phone system. We’ve reviewed the top companies and rated them based on price, features, and ease of use. Check out our review of the Best Business Phone Systems 2024 to find the best phone service for your small business.
Recommended Business Phone Service: Phone.com
Phone.com is our top choice for small business phone numbers because of all the features it offers for small businesses and it’s fair pricing.
Is this Business Right For You?
This is a great business for those who enjoy interacting with people while treasure-hunting for bargains at flea markets or estate sales. Those who have a talent for finding bargains and negotiating prices can transform that talent into a successful resale business. It’s also a good choice for recycling enthusiasts who want to save usable items from landfills and help conserve natural resources. Community-oriented people who want to help provide necessities for low-income residents at reduced prices are also good candidates for this business.
Want to know if you are cut out to be an entrepreneur?
Take our Entrepreneurship Quiz to find out!
What happens during a typical day at a resale business?
- Accepting donations and purchasing merchandise from various sources such as wholesalers, local charities, estate sales, and yard sales
- Separating, cleaning, repairing, pricing and displaying donated and purchased items
- Market research and targeted advertising
- Attending community events, advertising and creating sales promotions
- Interacting with donors, vendors and customers
- Training, scheduling and managing employees
What are some skills and experiences that will help you build a successful resale business?
Many people gain experience in the resale business through garage sales, flea markets, or selling items online before starting their own businesses. Whether your store is online or has a physical location, negotiation skills are essential, since profit depends on purchasing items for less than their resale price. Market research skills are as vital for pricing merchandise as good customer service skills are for building a regular clientele. An artistic eye is also helpful for creating attractive displays that showcase your goods in the best possible light.
What is the growth potential for a resale business?
Resale businesses can become so successful that they are able to offer franchise opportunities for others. Play It Again Sports is a good example.
Take the Next Step
Find a business mentor
One of the greatest resources an entrepreneur can have is quality mentorship. As you start planning your business, connect with a free business resource near you to get the help you need.
Having a support network in place to turn to during tough times is a major factor of success for new business owners.
Learn from other business owners
Want to learn more about starting a business from entrepreneurs themselves? Visit Startup Savant’s startup founder series to gain entrepreneurial insights, lessons, and advice from founders themselves.
Resources to Help Women in Business
There are many resources out there specifically for women entrepreneurs. We’ve gathered necessary and useful information to help you succeed both professionally and personally:
- Funding
- Events
- Guides
- Support
If you’re a woman looking for some guidance in entrepreneurship, check out this great new series Women in Business created by the women of our partner Startup Savant.
How and when to build a team
Although it is possible to start and maintain a small resale business without assistance, successful expansion requires additional help. There are a number of options for building a team. One is to create a partnership in order to share expenses and responsibilities. Another is to hire employees at a regular wage, as your revenue increases to allow for an expanding staff. Profit sharing is becoming an increasingly popular option, since it reduces expenses and increases incentive.
Useful Links
Industry Opportunities
Real World Examples
- Profile on a thrift store
- Experience of couple that started a resale shop
- 19 different types of resale shop
- Independent resale shop
- Article on the resale industry